ROUND 8: Literature (yes, again) - Verse forms

Identify the verse forms from the descriptions given. All answers can 
be found on the handout provided.


1. The verse form used in the oldest English poetry, including
   Beowulf. Chaucer's work was influenced by it, although his verse
   was rhymed and had fixed metre.

	alliterative verse


2. A verse form consisting of unrhymed iambic pentameter, this is
   the metre of Paradise Lost as well as Shakespeare's plays.

	blank verse (not the same as free verse, which has 
     no specific metre)


3. Fourteen lines, divided into an octave of 8 lines that rhyme
   a-b-b-a a-b-b-a and a sestet of 6 lines whose rhyme pattern
   varies, but is most often c-d-e-c-d-e or c-d-c-d-c-d. 
   A turn -- a shift in pattern or mood -- occurs after the octet.

	Petrarchan [OR Italian] sonnet [if "sonnet" is answered, 
     ask for a more specific answer]


4. A form of light verse, named after one of its practitioners,
   consisting of two rhyming couplets and having the name of the
   person in the first line. For example, the following verse by
   Ian Lancashire:

		Celine Dion
		Sang a paeon
		To love and pain
		And ladies layin'.

	(Answer) clerihew


5. A stately lyric form, often on a serious theme, it allows
   various forms of versification. Different types of this form are
   known as Pindaric, Sapphic, and Horatian.

	ode

 

6. An Italian verse form, used by Dante and also by Shelley in Ode
   to the West Wind: any number of three-line stanzas, or tercets,
   concluding with a couplet. The tercets have an interlocking
   rhyme: a-b-a, b-c-b, c-d-c, and so forth.

	terza rima [TER tsa REE ma]


7. A short stanza of 4 or 5 lines that ends a ballade and some
   other medieval verse forms. Originally, it stated the poem's
   dedication.

	envoi OR envoy


8. Rhyming couplets, usually end-stopped, written in iambic
   pentameter. Alexander Pope used this verse form.

	heroic couplets


9. Its name derives from the Italian word for "country house";
   Dylan Thomas's 'Do not go gentle into that good night' is an
   example. Five stanzas of three lines, and one stanza of four.
   Only uses two rhymes, and also repeats two lines throughout the
   poem: the first line of the poem is also the last line of the
   second and fourth stanzas; the third line of the poem is also
   the last line of the third and fifth stanzas. These two repeated
   lines also end the poem. 

	villanelle


10. Six 6-line stanzas and an envoi of three lines; doesn't rhyme
    traditionally; instead, it repeats the end words of the first
    stanza in a different order as the end words of each subsequent
    stanza. All six words are used in the final three lines (but
    three are 'buried' within it, and the other three are used as
    the end words).

	sestina